Queues and Jobs

Queues and Jobs

Introduction

Almost all applications can make use of queues. Queues are a great way to make time intensive tasks immediate by sending the task into the background. It's great to send anything and everything into the queue that doesn't require an immediate return value -- such as sending an email or firing an API call. The queue system is loaded into masonite via the QueueProvider Service Provider.

Getting Started

All configuration settings by default are in the config/queue.py file. Out of the box, Masonite only supports the async driver which simply sends jobs into the background using multithreading. You are free to create more drivers. If you do create a driver, consider making it available on PyPi so others can also install it.

Jobs

Jobs are simply Python classes that inherit the Queueable class that is provided by Masonite. We can simply create jobs using the craft job command.

$ craft job SendWelcomeEmail

This will create a new job inside app/jobs/SendWelcomeEmail.py. Our job will look like:

from masonite.queues.Queueable import Queueable

class SendWelcomeEmail(Queueable):

    def __init__(self):
        pass

    def handle(self):
        pass

All job constructors are resolved by the container so we can simply pass anything we need as normal:

from masonite.queues.Queueable import Queueable

class SendWelcomeEmail(Queueable):

    def __init__(self, Request, Mail):
        self.request = Request
        self.mail = Mail

    def handle(self):
        pass

Remember that anything that is resolved by the container is able to retrieve anything from the container by simply passing in parameters of objects that are located in the container. Read more about the container in the Service Container documentation.

Whenever jobs are executed, it simply executes the handle method. Because of this we can send our welcome email:

from masonite.queues.Queueable import Queueable

class SendWelcomeEmail(Queueable):

    def __init__(self, Request, Mail):
        self.request = Request
        self.mail = Mail

    def handle(self):
        self.mail.driver('mailgun').to(self.request.user().email).template('mail/welcome').send()

That's it! We just created a job that can send to to the queue!

Running Jobs

We can run jobs by using the Queue alias from the container. Let's run this job from a controller method:

from app.jobs.SendWelcomeEmail import SendWelcomeEmail

def show(self, Queue):
    Queue.push(SendWelcomeEmail)

That's it! This job will be loaded into the queue. By default, Masonite uses the async driver which just sends tasks into the background.

We can also send multiple jobs to the queue by passing more of them into the .push() method:

from app.jobs.SendWelcomeEmail import SendWelcomeEmail
from app.jobs.TutorialEmail import TutorialEmail

def show(self, Queue):
    Queue.push(SendWelcomeEmail, TutorialEmail)