Masonite 2.0 to 2.1

Introduction

Masonite 2.1 is a fantastic release. It works out a lot of the kinks that were in 2.0 as well as brings several new syntactically good looking code generation

This guide just shows the major changes between version to get your application working on 2.1. You should see the What's New in 2.1 documentation to upgrade smaller parts of your code that are likely to be smaller quality of life improvements.

Masonite CLI

For 2.1 you will need masonite-cli>=2.1.0.

Make sure you run:

$ pip install masonite-cli --upgrade

Middleware

Middleware has been changed to classes so instead of doing this in your config/middleware.py file:

HTTP_MIDDLEWARE = [
    'app.http.middleware.DashboardMiddleware.DashboardMiddleware',
]

You will now import it directly:

import app.http.middleware.DashboardMiddleware import DashboardMiddleware

HTTP_MIDDLEWARE = [
    DashboardMiddleware,
]

Auto resolving parameters has been removed

This is likely the biggest change in 2.0. Before 2.1 you were able to fetch by key when resolving by doing something like:

def show(self, Request):
    Request.input(..)

We have removed this by default and now you much explicitly import your classes in order to interact with the container resolving:

from masonite.request import Request

def show(self, request: Request):
    request.input(..)

If you truly do not like this change you can modify your container on a per project basis by adding this to your container constructor in wsgi.py:

container = App(resolve_parameters=True)

Just know this is not recommended and Masonite may or may not remove this feature entirely at some point in the future.

Resolving Mail, Queues and Broadcasts

Previously we were able to do something like this:

def show(self, Mail):
    Mail.to(..)

Since we never actually created a class from this and you were not able to explicitly resolve this, we utilized the new container swapping in order to swap a class out for this container binding.

All instances above should be changed to:

from masonite import Mail

def show(self, mail: Mail):
    mail.to(..)

Don't forgot to also do your boot methods on your Service Providers as well:

def boot(self, request: Request):
    ..request..

As well as all your middleware and custom code:

class AuthenticationMiddleware(object):
    """ Middleware To Check If The User Is Logged In """

    def __init__(self, request: Request):
        """ Inject Any Dependencies From The Service Container """
        self.request = request
    ...

Resolving your own code

You may have classes you binded personally to the container like this:

def slack_send(self, IntegrationManager):
    return IntegrationManager.driver('slack').scopes('incoming-webhook').state(self.request.param('id')).redirect()

To get this in line for 2.1 you will need to use Container Swapping in order to be able to resolve this. This is actually an awesome feature.

First go to your provider where you binded it to the container:

from app.managers import IntegrationManager

def boot(self):
    self.app.bind('IntegrationManager', IntegrationManager.driver('something'))

and add a container swap right below it by swapping it with a class:

from app.managers import IntegrationManager

def boot(self):
    self.app.bind('IntegrationManager', IntegrationManager.driver('somedriver'))

    self.app.swap(IntegrationManager, IntegrationManager.driver('somedriver'))

now you can use that class to resolve:

from app.managers import IntegrationManager

def slack_send(self, manager: IntegrationManager):
    return manager.driver('slack').scopes('incoming-webhook').state(self.request.param('id')).redirect()

Removed Masonite Facades

Completely removed the masonite.facades module and put the only class (the Auth class) in the masonite.auth module.

So all instances of:

from masonite.facades.Auth import Auth

need to be changed to:

from masonite.auth import Auth

Removed the StartResponseProvider

The StartResponseProvider was not doing anything crazy and it could be achieved with a simple middleware. This speeds up Masonite slightly by offsetting where the response preparing takes place.

Simply remove the StartResponseProvider from your PROVIDERS list:

PROVIDERS = [
    # Framework Providers
    AppProvider,
    SessionProvider,
    RouteProvider,
    StatusCodeProvider,
    # StartResponseProvider,
    WhitenoiseProvider,
    ViewProvider,
    HelpersProvider,

    ...

As well as put the new middleware in the HTTP middleware

from masonite.middleware import ResponseMiddleware
..

HTTP_MIDDLEWARE = [
    LoadUserMiddleware,
    CsrfMiddleware,
    HtmlMinifyMiddleware,
    ResponseMiddleware, # Here
]

JSON Payloads

In 2.0 you had to fetch incoming JSON payloads like this:

request.input('payload')['id']

So now all instances of the above can be used normally:

request.input('id')

Moved CSRF Middleware into core

CSRF middleware now lives in core and allows you to override some methods or interact with the middleware with class attributes:

Replace your current CSRF Middleware with this new one:

""" CSRF Middleware """

from masonite.middleware import CsrfMiddleware as Middleware


class CsrfMiddleware(Middleware):
    """ Verify CSRF Token Middleware """

    exempt = []

If you made changes to the middleware to prevent middleware from being ran on every request you can now set that as a class attribute:

""" CSRF Middleware """

from masonite.middleware import CsrfMiddleware as Middleware


class CsrfMiddleware(Middleware):
    """ Verify CSRF Token Middleware """

    exempt = []
    every_request = False

This also allows any security issues found with CSRF to be handled on all projects quickly instead of everyone having to patch their applications individually.

Added cwd imports to migrations and seeds

In migrations (and seeds) you will need to put this import inside a __init__.py file in order to allow models to be imported into them

import os
import sys
sys.path.append(os.getcwd())

Bootstrap File

There was a slight change in the bootstrap/start.py file around line 60.

This line:

 start_response(container.make('StatusCode'), container.make('Headers'))

Needs to be changed to:

start_response(
    container.make('Request').get_status_code(), 
    container.make('Request').get_and_reset_headers()
)

Response Binding

You no longer should bind directly to the Response key in the container. You should use the new Response object.

All instances of:

self.app.bind('Response', 'some value')

should now be:

response.view('some value')

and any instance of:

self.app.make('Response')

should be changed to:

response.data()

Restructuring some sample code would be changing this:

self.request.app().bind(
    'Response',
    htmlmin.minify(
        self.request.app().make('Response')
    )
)

to this:

self.response.view(
    htmlmin.minify(self.response.data())
)

Cache Exists name change

The Cache.cache_exists() has been changed to just Cache.exists(). You will need to make changes accordingly:

from masonite import Cache

def show(self, cache: Cache):

    # From
    cache.cache_exists('key')

    # To
    cache.exists('key')

That is all the main changes in 2.1. Go ahead and run your server and you should be good to go. For a more up to date list on small improvements that you can make in your application be sure to checkout the Whats New in 2.1 documentation article.

Environment Variables

Although not a critical upgrade, it would be a good idea to replace all instances of retrieval of environment variables with the new masonite.env function.

Change all instances of this:

import os
..

DRIVER = os.getenv('key', 'default')
..
KEY = os.envrion.get('key', 'default')

with the new env function:

from masonite import env
..

DRIVER = env('key', 'default')
..
KEY = env('key', 'default')

What this will do is actually type cast accordingly. If you pass a numeric value it will cast it to an int and if you want a boolean if will cast True, true, False, false to booleans like this:

if you don't want to cast the value you can set the cast parameter to False

KEY = env('key', 'default', cast=False)

Removed Store Prepend method

We removed the store_prepend() method on the upload drivers for the filename keyword arg on the store method.

So this:

upload.store_prepend('random-string', request.input('file'))

now becomes:

upload.store(request.input('file'), filename='random-string')